Rail Accident Investigation: Immediate Cause

17 May 2012

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Immediate Cause - Investigation reports

In its investigation reports, the RAIB uses the term Immediate Cause to mean the condition, event or behaviour that directly resulted in the occurrence.

Third party
- Third party
  - Tram, pedestrian collision at Staniforth Road, Sheffield on 27 October 2005
    Report number: 01/2006
    Published on 06 March 2006
  - Passenger-train collision with road vehicle at Swainsthorpe level crossing on 13 November 2005
    Report number: 03/2006
    Published on 28 March 2006
  - Serious injury to a cyclist at Scate Moor bridleway crossing on 08 January 2006
    Report number: 06/2006
    Published on 16 June 2006
  - Collision at Black Horse Drove Crossing, near Littleport, Cambridgeshire on 19 October 2005
    Report number: 12/2006
    Published on 21 July 2006
  - The fatality at Barratt's Lane No1 footpath crossing on 21 November 2005
    Report number: 13/2006
    Published on 21 July 2006
  - Investigation in station pedestrian crossings initiated by a fatality at Elsenham Station on 03 December 2005
    Report number: 23/2006
    Published on 11 December 2006
  - Collision between train and buffer stops at Sudbury on 27 January 2006
    Report number: 26/2006
    Published on 20 December 2006
  - Collision at Bratts Blackhouse UWC
    Report number: 09/2007
    Published on 26 April 2007
  - Serious SPAD at Purley
    Report number: 27/2007
    Published on 08 August 2007
  - Collision and Derailment at Copmanthorpe
    Report number: 33/2007
    Published on 05 September 2007
  - Collision at Aylesford/M20
    Report number: 36/2007
    Published on 26 September 2007
  - Eurotunnel fire
    Report number: 37/2007
    Published on 23 October 2007
  - Collision at Shenley Hill Road LC, Leighton Buzzar
    Report number: 45/2007
    Published on 19 December 2007
  - Collision with tractor at Cavalry Horse crossing,
    Report number: 46/2007
    Published on 19 December 2007
  - Train collision with tractor at Nutts Craig UWC
    Report number: 10/2008
    Published on 24 April 2008
  - Collision / Derailment at Barrow on Soar
    Report number: 18/2008
    Published on 25 September 2008
  - Near miss with train crew & technicians at Bishops Stortford
    Report number: 26/2008
    Published on 23 December 2008
  - Fatality at Moor Lane LC
    Report number: 27/2008
    Published on 23 December 2008
  - Fatality at West Lodge UWC
    Report number: 01/2009
    Published on 20 January 2009
  - Cyclist fatality at Morden Hall Park Foot crossing
    Report number: 06/2009
    Published on 12 March 2009
  - Fatality at Tackley UWC
    Report number: 09/2009
    Published on 30 March 2009
  - Risk review of UWLC's (Class Inv)
    Report number: 13/2009
    Published on 03 June 2009
  - Double fatality at Bayles & Wylies Crossing, Bestwood, Nottingham 22 November 2008
    Report number: 32/2009
    Published on 19 November 2009
  - Collision and derailment of a passenger train at North Rode, between Macclesfield and Congleton
    Report number: 33/2009
    Published on 14 December 2009
  - Fatal accident at Fairfield level crossing, Little Bedwyn, Wiltshire
    Report number: 08/2010
    Published on 12 May 2010
  - Fatal accident at Norbreck, Blackpool
    Report number: 09/2010
    Published on 03 June 2010
  - Fatal accident at Halkirk level crossing, Caithness 29 September 2009
    Report number: 16/2010
    Published on 23 September 2010
  - Collision between an articulated tanker and a passenger train at Sewage Works Lane user worked crossing, near Sudbury, Suffolk 17 August 2010
    Report number: 14/2011
    Published on 11 August 2011
Signalling & Telecommunications
- Interlocking and control circuitry (eg electronic / relay / mechanical)
  - Incident at Greenhill Upper Junction, near Falkirk
    Report number: 04/2010
    Published on 18 March 2010
- Level crossing equipment (eg barriers, signals)
  - Crofton Old Station LC
    Report number: 16/2007
    Published on 29 May 2007
- Signal control (eg box, control centres)
  - Fatal accident at Moreton-on-Lugg near Hereford, 16 January 2010
    Report number: 04/2011
    Published on 28 February 2011
- Train detection and block signalling (eg track circuits, axle counters)
  - Freight train derailment at Ely Dock Junction
    Report number: 02/2009
    Published on 22 January 2009
Infrastructure
- Bridges, viaducts, structures (eg retaining walls)
  - Passenger train derailment at Kemble
    Report number: 07/2008
    Published on 27 March 2008
  - Partial collapse of bridge GE19 near Liverpool Street
    Report number: 22/2009
    Published on 20 August 2009
  - Derailment of a freight train at Stewarton, Ayrshire on 27 January 2009
    Report number: 02/2010
    Published on 03 February 2010
  - Failure of Bridge RDG1 48(River Crane) between Whitton and Feltham 14 November 2009
    Report number: 17/2010
    Published on 23 September 2010
  - Bridge strike and road vehicle incursion onto the roof of a passing train near Oxshott Station, 5 November 2010
    Report number: 13/2011
    Published on 04 August 2011
  - Derailment of a passenger train near Dryclough Junction, Halifax
    Report number: 17/2011
    Published on 20 October 2011
  - Partial failure of Bridge 94, near Bromsgrove, 6 April 2011
    Report number: 05/2012
    Published on 22 March 2012
- Formation, earthworks, land use
  - Derailment near Moy, Inverness-shire on 26 November 2005
    Report number: 22/2006
    Published on 29 November 2006
  - Cricklewood - Freight Deraillment
    Report number: 02/2007
    Published on 23 January 2007
  - Derailment at Merstham Tunnel
    Report number: 05/2008
    Published on 28 February 2008
  - Derailment near Gillingham tunnel, Dorset 28 November 2009
    Report number: 19/2010
    Published on 28 October 2010
  - Accident at Falls of Cruachan, Argyll, 6 June 2010
    Report number: 11/2011
    Published on 14 July 2011
- Level crossings (not signalling - eg sighting, surface, signage).
  - Derailment of passenger train at Croxton AHB LC
    Report number: 11/2008
    Published on 13 May 2008
  - Near-miss on Victory level crossing, near Taunton, Somerset
    Report number: 18/2010
    Published on 07 October 2010
- Obstruction on the line
  - Deptford Bridge
    Report number: 16/2009
    Published on 22 June 2009
  - Collision between train 1C84 and a tree at Lavington, Wiltshire
    Report number: 08/2011
    Published on 07 April 2011
- Power supply (eg substations / contact line / catenary / 3rd rail conductor rail)
  - Driver fatality at Deal
    Report number: 14/2007
    Published on 29 May 2007
  - Overhead line failure, St Pancras International
    Report number: 12/2010
    Published on 05 August 2010
- Track - plain line (eg rails, joints, rail components, bearers) layout / design
  - Near miss of two track persons by a tram on the Manchester Metrolink at Radcliffe on 08 November 2005
    Report number: 09/2006
    Published on 17 July 2006
  - Derailment near Liverpool Central underground station on 26 October 2005
    Report number: 14/2006
    Published on 11 August 2006
  - Cutting of rail from a line that was still open to traffic, near Thirsk station, East Coast Main Line on 11 January 2006
    Report number: 15/2006
    Published on 18 August 2006
  - Derailment at Oubeck North, near Lancaster on 04 November 2005
    Report number: 19/2006
    Published on 02 November 2006
  - Chalmerston Branch Line (Patna) - Freight Train de
    Report number: 05/2007
    Published on 30 January 2007
  - Long Millgate, Manchester Victoria - LRV derailment
    Report number: 08/2007
    Published on 17 April 2007
  - Derailment of LRV at Pomona Station
    Report number: 09/2008
    Published on 24 April 2008
  - Moor Street south Junction
    Report number: 07/2009
    Published on 18 March 2009
  - Derailment on Ffestiniog Railway
    Report number: 18/2009
    Published on 02 July 2009
  - Staff injury at Grosvenor Bridge, Victoria
    Report number: 19/2009
    Published on 16 July 2009
  - Track worker struck at Stevenage
    Report number: 23/2009
    Published on 27 August 2009
  - Derailment at St Peter's Square
    Report number: 25/2009
    Published on 17 September 2009
  - Derailment of a freight train at Marks Tey, Essex, on 12 June 2008
    Report number: 01/2010
    Published on 14 January 2010
  - Derailment on Severn Valley Railway
    Report number: 07/2010
    Published on 08 April 2010
  - Derailment at Windsor and Eton Riverside station
    Report number: 11/2010
    Published on 05 August 2010
  - Derailment at Wigan North Western station 25 August 2009
    Report number: 14/2010
    Published on 18 August 2010
  - Derailment of an engineering train between Gloucester Road and Earl?s Court stations on London Underground
    Report number: 05/2011
    Published on 21 March 2011
  - Two incidents involving track workers between Clapham Junction and Earlsfield, 8 March 2011
    Report number: 03/2012
    Published on 27 February 2012
- Track - switches & crossings (eg switch machine, detection, stretchers, locking, layout / design)
  - Derailment at Blackpool Pleasure Beach on 06 July 2006
    Report number: 18/2006
    Published on 26 October 2006
  - Derailment at Archway on 02 June 2006
    Report number: 24/2006
    Published on 11 December 2006
  - Derailment on Seaton & District Electric Tramway
    Report number: 21/2007
    Published on 03 July 2007
  - Derailment of 2 freight wagons at Maltby
    Report number: 24/2007
    Published on 18 July 2007
  - Derailment at Snowhill, Birmingham
    Report number: 38/2007
    Published on 24 October 2007
  - Derailments at London Waterloo
    Report number: 44/2007
    Published on 18 December 2007
  - Member of P'way staff struck by train at Leatherhead
    Report number: 19/2008
    Published on 23 October 2008
  - Derailment at Grayrigg
    Report number: 20/2008
    Published on 23 October 2008
  - Exhibition Centre, Glasgow
    Report number: 04/2009
    Published on 12 February 2009
  - Derailment of a Docklands Light Railway train, near West India Quay station
    Report number: 03/2010
    Published on 04 March 2010
  - Collision on the Great Orme Tramway 15 September 2009
    Report number: 13/2010
    Published on 16 August 2010
- Tunnels
  - Train derailment at Mile End on London Underground
    Report number: 03/2008
    Published on 31 January 2008
  - Derailment in Summit tunnel, near Todmorden, West Yorkshire 28 December 2010
    Report number: 16/2011
    Published on 29 September 2011
Operations and engineering activities
- Degraded mode operations (eg level crossings, signalling)
  - Incident involving a near-miss between two London Underground trains at Hanger Lane junction
    Report number: 05/2010
    Published on 22 March 2010
- Operation and management of level crossings (hazard identification and risk assessment)
  - Investigation into the safety of automatic open level crossings on Network Rail?s managed infrastructure
    Report number: 12/2011
    Published on 28 July 2011
  - Train passed over Lydney level crossing with crossing barriers raised, 23 March 2011
    Report number: 20/2011
    Published on 15 December 2011
- Protection of staff and trains during engineering, when working (eg maintenance and possession planning issues, including near-miss/injury/death of employees undertaking maintenance or repairs)
  - Trackworker fatality at Trafford Park on 26 October 2005
    Report number: 16/2006
    Published on 25 August 2006
  - Near miss at Manor Park
    Report number: 26/2007
    Published on 25 July 2007
  - Near miss with trackworkers, Tinsley Green Junction
    Report number: 43/2007
    Published on 18 December 2007
  - Ruscombe Junction
    Report number: 04/2008
    Published on 28 February 2008
  - Fatal accident to trackworker east of Reading Station
    Report number: 21/2008
    Published on 28 October 2008
  - Train struck a trolley on the line at Acton West
    Report number: 15/2009
    Published on 18 June 2009
  - Serious injury sustained by a signal technician at Kennington Junction on 23 May 2008
    Report number: 29/2009
    Published on 12 November 2009
  - Accident at Dalston Junction on 30 March 2009
    Report number: 30/2009
    Published on 19 November 2009
  - Fatal accident at Whitehall West junction, Leeds
    Report number: 15/2010
    Published on 02 September 2010
  - Track worker struck by a train at Cheshunt Junction
    Report number: 06/2011
    Published on 23 March 2011
  - Tamper driver struck by a train at Torworth level crossing, 8 January 2011
    Report number: 02/2012
    Published on 15 February 2012
- Shunting and yard management
  - Derailment at Watford Junction Yard on 28 October 2005
    Report number: 02/2006
    Published on 28 March 2006
  - Unsafe Unsecured Load carried between Basford Hall
    Report number: 06/2007
    Published on 21 February 2007
- Train dispatch (eg platform/ dispatch staff/ hand-signalling)
  - Haymarket East Junction
    Report number: 03/2007
    Published on 30 January 2007
  - Passenger's hand trapped in tram door, Wellesley Road
    Report number: 40/2007
    Published on 21 November 2007
  - Passenger accident at Brentwood station, 28 January 2011
    Report number: 19/2011
    Published on 28 November 2011
- Train driving
  - Derailment at Phipps Bridge on 21 October 2005
    Report number: 04/2006
    Published on 29 March 2006
  - Collision at New Addington on Croydon Tramlink on 23 November 2005
    Report number: 11/2006
    Published on 20 July 2006
  - Freight train derailment at Brentingby
    Report number: 01/2007
    Published on 23 January 2007
  - Haymarket East Junction
    Report number: 03/2007
    Published on 30 January 2007
  - Huntingdon Station - train door incident
    Report number: 11/2007
    Published on 30 April 2007
  - Collision at Swan Lane
    Report number: 18/2007
    Published on 07 June 2007
  - Fatality at Bronwydd Arms Station
    Report number: 22/2007
    Published on 03 July 2007
  - Tram derailment Phipps Bridge 25-05-2006
    Report number: 28/2007
    Published on 08 August 2007
  - Swanage collision 16.11.06
    Report number: 35/2007
    Published on 13 September 2007
  - Near miss incident Camden Town
    Report number: 06/2008
    Published on 11 March 2008
  - Injury to crossing keeper
    Report number: 14/2008
    Published on 02 July 2008
  - Injury to a member of the public at Tooting Broadway
    Report number: 17/2008
    Published on 28 August 2008
  - Overspeeding at Ty Mawr
    Report number: 22/2008
    Published on 30 October 2008
  - Didcot North Junction near miss following SPAD
    Report number: 23/2008
    Published on 20 November 2008
  - Llanbadarn ABCL
    Report number: 20/2009
    Published on 28 July 2009
  - Collision between 2 freight trains between Leigh-on-sea
    Report number: 24/2009
    Published on 14 September 2009
  - Uncontrolled freight train run-back between Shap and Tebay, Cumbria 17 August 2010
    Report number: 15/2011
    Published on 15 August 2011
- Train operation & control (eg management, movement instructions & effective communication)
  - Wrong direction move at High Street Kensington
    Report number: 19/2007
    Published on 21 June 2007
  - Derailment at Ropley
    Report number: 20/2007
    Published on 21 June 2007
  - Autumn adhesion events (inc SPADs, Esher (25/11/05
    Report number: 25/2006
    Published on 21 June 2007
  - Two trains in a single section at Aylesbury North
    Report number: 13/2008
    Published on 11 June 2008
  - Near miss at Poplar Farm LX
    Report number: 14/2009
    Published on 11 June 2009
  - Derailment of two locomotives at East Somerset Junction on 10 November 2008
    Report number: 28/2009
    Published on 10 November 2009
- Train preparation repair and maintenance
  - Unsecured Road Coach on EuroTunnel Shuttle - 04/04
    Report number: 08/2009
    Published on 19 March 2009
Locomotive or Traction
- Braking system
  - Collision at Exeter St Davids station
    Report number: 10/2010
    Published on 21 June 2010
  - Derailment of a freight train at Carrbridge, Badenoch and Strathspey, 4 January 2010
    Report number: 03/2011
    Published on 24 February 2011
- Coupling system
  - Dagenham 17/07/2006
    Report number: 23/2007
    Published on 12 July 2007
- Doors
  - Near miss at New Southgate
    Report number: 17/2009
    Published on 24 June 2009
- Wheel / axle / bogies and suspension
  - Derailment on Severn Valley Railway
    Report number: 07/2010
    Published on 08 April 2010
Wagons
- Braking system
  - Collision runaway freight wagon and road/rail vehicle
    Report number: 08/2008
    Published on 24 April 2008
  - Near miss involving a freight train and two passenger trains, Carstairs, 22 December 2009
    Report number: 02/2011
    Published on 31 January 2011
  - Runaway and derailment of wagons at Ashburys
    Report number: 07/2011
    Published on 24 March 2011
- Coupling system
  - Runaway loco - East Didsbury
    Report number: 13/2007
    Published on 24 May 2007
  - 2 runaway vehicles at Camden Road Tunnel
    Report number: 12/2008
    Published on 22 May 2008
- Doors
  - Eden Valley Loop 2009-07-04
    Report number: 31/2009
    Published on 19 November 2009
  - Incident at Romford station, 4 February 2010
    Report number: 20/2010
    Published on 09 December 2010
- Gauge infringement
  - Derailment of a Ballast Plough Brake Van at Carlisle on 06 February 2006
    Report number: 17/2006
    Published on 19 September 2006
  - Pax train struck by heavy object passing a freight
    Report number: 01/2008
    Published on 10 January 2008
  - Container striking station canopy at Basingstoke Station
    Report number: 21/2009
    Published on 12 August 2009
- Vehicle / track interaction (or wheel rail interface)
  - Pickering Station NYMR
    Report number: 29/2007
    Published on 08 August 2007
  - Washwood Heath derailment
    Report number: 39/2007
    Published on 21 November 2007
  - Derailment at Cromore
    Report number: 42/2007
    Published on 28 November 2007
  - Newcastle King Edward Bridge
    Report number: 02/2008
    Published on 31 January 2008
  - Freight train derailment at Duddeston Junction
    Report number: 16/2008
    Published on 31 July 2008
  - Derailment at Foreign Ore Branch Junction near Scunthorpe
    Report number: 10/2009
    Published on 30 April 2009
  - Derailment of a freight train at Marks Tey, Essex, on 12 June 2008
    Report number: 01/2010
    Published on 14 January 2010
- Vehicle structure
  - Displacement freight containers - Hardendale & Cheddington
    Report number: 12/2009
    Published on 27 May 2009
- Wheel / axle / bogies and suspension
  - Freight train derailment at Hatherley, near Cheltenham Spa on 18 October 2005
    Report number: 08/2006
    Published on 14 July 2006
  - Wagon derailment at York Station on 18 January 2006
    Report number: 21/2006
    Published on 02 November 2006
  - Broken rails at Urchfont and Kennington following the passage of a freight train on 05 January 2006
    Report number: 27/2006
    Published on 20 December 2006
Multiple Units
- Coupling system
  - Station over-run at Haywards Heath on 12 January 2006
    Report number: 10/2006
    Published on 20 July 2006
- Traction system (control / supply / drive / motors / aux power)
  - Near miss at Camden Road
    Report number: 10/2007
    Published on 30 April 2007
- Vehicle / track interaction (or wheel rail interface)
  - Derailment of a passenger train near Cummersdale, Cumbria
    Report number: 06/2010
    Published on 25 March 2010
  - Station overrun at Stonegate, East Sussex, 8 November 2010
    Report number: 18/2011
    Published on 17 November 2011
- Vehicle structure
  - Train door open in traffic at Desborough
    Report number: 31/2007
    Published on 30 August 2007
- Wheel / axle / bogies and suspension
  - Passenger train derailment near East Langton, Leicestershire, 20 February 2010
    Report number: 01/2012
    Published on 30 January 2012
Carriages
- Doors
  - Young child fell from a train on the Nene Valley Railway
    Report number: 15/2008
    Published on 17 July 2008
- Wheel / axle / bogies and suspension
  - Ravenglass & Eskdale derailment of passenger coach
    Report number: 07/2007
    Published on 27 March 2007
  - Derailment at Fisherground - Ravenglass and Eskdale
    Report number: 32/2007
    Published on 30 August 2007
Maintenance Vehicles RRV / OTM / Trolleys /Tampers
- Braking system
  - Near Miss involving runaway trolley at Notting Hill
    Report number: 12/2007
    Published on 02 May 2007
  - Runaway trolley at St Johns Wood
    Report number: 24/2008
    Published on 26 November 2008
  - Runaway RRV at Glen Garry
    Report number: 05/2009
    Published on 25 February 2009
  - RRV class investigation
    Report number: 27/2009
    Published on 29 October 2009
  - Runaway and collision of a road-rail vehicle near Raigmore, Inverness, 20 July 2010
    Report number: 10/2011
    Published on 11 July 2011
- Coupling system
  - Runaway of an engineering train from Highgate
    Report number: 09/2011
    Published on 15 June 2011
- Human machine interface - cab / ergonomics / environment
  - Collision between ballast regulator & tamper at Badminton
    Report number: 30/2007
    Published on 22 August 2007
- Road Rail Vehicles (RRV)
  - Passenger train struck by object at Washwood Heath, 6 March 2010 Heath
    Report number: 01/2011
    Published on 24 January 2011
- Traction system (control / supply / drive / motors / aux power)
  - Trooperslane Level crossing
    Report number: 25/2007
    Published on 18 July 2007
- Vehicle structure
  - Runaway manually-propelled trolley between Larkhall and Barncluith Tunnel on 02 November 2005
    Report number: 20/2006
    Published on 02 November 2006
- Wheel / axle / bogies and suspension
  - Near miss at Terry Hoogan on NIR
    Report number: 03/2009
    Published on 09 February 2009
Trams
- Human machine interface - cab / ergonomics / environment
  - Tram collision at Benson Road
    Report number: 17/2007
    Published on 07 June 2007
- Traction system (control / supply / drive / motors / aux power)
  - Runaway incidents at Blackpool on 21 November, 03 and 10 December 2005
    Report number: 05/2006
    Published on 30 March 2006
  - Blackpool tram fire
    Report number: 41/2007
    Published on 27 November 2007
- Vehicle / track interaction (or wheel rail interface)
  - Starr Gate - Derailment of Tram
    Report number: 15/2007
    Published on 29 May 2007
Steam Engines
- Boiler, smoke box, or fire box
  - NYMR Grosmont 16/04/2006
    Report number: 04/2007
    Published on 30 January 2007
  - Boiler incident on the Kirklees Light Railway, 3 July 2011
    Report number: 04/2012
    Published on 13 March 2012
- Control and communications
  - Collision of a locomotive with carriages at Great Central Railway's Loughborough Central station on 04 February 2006
    Report number: 07/2006
    Published on 10 July 2006

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